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Leisure-time Sport Habits in the Context of Family Socialization
Špaček, Ondřej
This paper develops a model of the development of one’s sports habits from the childhood to the early adulthood. It uses data from the representative survey Distinction and Values 2008 of Czech population cohort (1974–1978) to analyse influence of family socialization on shaping one’s habits towards sports participation. The importance of the family socialization environment as the mean of the reproduction of sports leisure time spending is confirmed. The habitualisation through the past sports practice (as indicated by the attendance to the sports club) also highly increases the chance of acquiring habit of sports participation.
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Determinants of Social Trust and Cohesion
Sedláčková, Markéta ; Šafr, Jiří
The authors first discuss two basic dimensions of social cohesion (inequality and social capital) and their indicators. They also present the concept of social cohesion as a “good society”, with an emphasis on civic integration, mutual intergroup tolerance, trust and respect for differences. The second empirical part looks at the state of selected components of social cohesion in Czech society. In addition to focusing on the way the concept of “social cohesion” is perceived by Czech public opinion, an international comparison of the level of civic trust among people is presented. Finally the paper discusses relationship between indicators of social cohesion such as generalized social trust, trust in institutions, civic engagement, and the legitimacy of the democratic system.
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How to Get Ahead in the Czech Republic? The Importance of Social Capital in Job Attainment After 1989
Häuberer, J. ; Šafr, Jiří
The paper focuses on the role of social networks in status attainment. Using data from the survey "Distinction and Values" (2008) which surveyed cohorts ages 30–34 authors focus on the role of parental status/class, mobilized social capital and education on achieved first job socioeconomic status (ISEI). The effect of the "strength of weak ties" failed to be proven when operationalised as the mobilization of distant and wider contacts exclusively only among members of the higher classes. Social capital was also operationalised as ISEI of the person from the circle of acquaintances (weak ties), that supplied information on first-time employment. This form of social capital contributes significantly to the attained status, namely in offspring with the middle class origin. Authors conclude that the influence of individual social capital has not vanished from the society after 1989.
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Reading climate within family of origin and educational results
Gorčíková, Magdaléna ; Šafr, Jiří
This study examines the extent to which reading socialization (pro-reading climate in family) and reading in childhood account for performance differences between low-status and high-status children to educational results. We employ data from the survey “Distinction and Values” (2008) which surveyed cohorts ages 30–34 along with their parents. The findings of our analysis have shown that reading climate in family – especially if the child reads himself – plays a significant role in promoting elementary school success, graduation at the university and intergenerational educational mobility. In sum, parental reading socialization increases the likelihood of shaping children’s education attainment and even expands advantage in parent-child relations.
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Personality traits, socialization agents in family of origin and stratification process: Self-esteem and parenting styles
Šafr, Jiří ; Bariekzahyová, Tereza
The paper focuses on personality traits, socialization in family and stratification process. Using data from the survey "Distinction and Values" (2008) which surveyed cohorts ages 30–34 along with their parents, first we identify parenting styles among families from different social classes. Second we analyze determinants of self-esteem: the strongest positive factor is parental self-esteem and democratic/authoritative parenting style, reading books during childhood and participation in extracurricular activities; while permissive/laissez-faire parenting style and poor intra-family relations limit self-esteem. Also white collars witness higher level self-confidence. What’s more, self-esteem – apart from dominant effect of parental educational aspiration and active "firm hand" parenting style – independently affects (at least in case of women) intergenerational upward mobility from working class origin.
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Is there only one Cultural Capital? Cultural Resources in Class Reproduction and Identity
Šafr, Jiří
The author discusses typology distinguishing highbrow/distinctive and cognitive type of cultural capital. The two orientations are empirically demonstrated on formation of symbolic cultural boundaries (class identity) and intergenerational status/cultural capital reproduction using data from the survey "Distinction and Values" (2008) which surveyed cohorts ages 30–34. First, the results confirm hypothesis of class homology (distinct social space) regarding leisure activities, media consumption and value of conspicuous consumption. Second, occupational status attainment (ISEI) is influenced, besides education attainment and parental education, by participation in extracurricular activities and partly by cognitive cultural capital (early acquisition of reading habits). As regards cultural capital formation (highbrow taste and cultural knowledge), it is partly inherited but still, it can be accumulated by individuals own effort and sense of natural aesthetics taste.
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Choice of Secondary School in the Czech Republic 20 Years After the „Velvet Revolution“
Vojtíšková, Kateřina
This chapter focus on different educational trajectories (reproduction/upward mobility) found at two non-selective Prague primary schools. It explores decision-making process involved in the choice of secondary school in families of middle class and working class background. The analysis explicates seven cases of educational path considering the influence of family background on value attributed to education and future prospect of children. It draws on an ethnographic study examining school life and family histories of pupils of variety of class positions at a time of growing educational opportunities.
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